Georges Seurat is most famous for his development of Pointillism, a technique in which he applied small dots of pure color to create a harmonious and unified image when viewed from a distance. His innovative approach to color and form had a significant impact on the Post-Impressionist and Neo-Impressionist movements, influencing artists such as Paul Signac and later movements like Fauvism and Cubism. Despite his short life and limited output, Seurat's contributions to the art world are highly regarded and continue to influence artists to this day.